What is the role of Virgil in Dante's journey?

Virgil serves a crucial role in Dante's journey as his guide through the realms of the afterlife, particularly in Hell. As a representation of human reason and classical wisdom, Virgil is instrumental in helping Dante understand the nature of sin and its consequences. He provides insightful explanations about the various circles of Hell, the sinners found within them, and the moral lessons to be drawn from their punishments. This guidance is not only practical but also deeply philosophical, enabling Dante to reflect on his own life and the broader moral implications of human actions.

The other roles mentioned—judging souls, punishing sinners, or offering salvation—do not accurately capture Virgil's function. He does not have the authority to judge or punish; instead, he guides Dante in witnessing these aspects. Additionally, while his presence may indirectly lead Dante towards salvation, it is not Virgil's role to offer it directly, as that responsibility lies with other figures later in the narrative.